The phrase "are estimated by computing" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts where you are discussing how certain values or metrics are determined through calculations or computational methods.
Example: "The total costs are estimated by computing the expenses incurred over the project duration."
Alternatives: "are calculated using" or "are determined through computation."
Backgrounds are estimated by computing total B Band counts per chip, minus the sum of B Band source counts (src_cnts_aper_b) from all sources on the chip.
Secondly, the geodesic distances (d_{M} (i,;j)) between all pairs of points on the manifold M are estimated by computing the shortest path distances (d_{G} (i,;j)) in the graph G. Finally, the classical MDS is applied to the matrix (varvec{D}_{G}), constructing an embedding of the data in a d-dimensional space Y which best preserves the manifold's estimated intrinsic geometry.
In this manner, matrices B and F are estimated by computing each b i and f i, i = 1,…, M g.
Finally, the apparent propagation velocity and the propulsion period are estimated by computing the slope (Δdistance/Δtime) of each flow line and the time interval between two consecutive flow lines respectively.
This "clustering approach" contrasts with the Bayesian regression approach, where activity levels are estimated by computing correlation-like scores between PCA components inferred from a training set and the expression profile of any given sample [ 27, 28].
5- The CD of contrasts of interest are estimated by computing their empirical variances and covariances (quoted with *) following Fouilloux et al. [ 18]: with and Typically, a given contrast can be written as a linear combination of the breeding values (c'u).
The associations between the IL12A, IL12B and IL18 genotypes and risk of impaired anti-HBs development were estimated by computing the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using logistic regression analysis.
Finally, the parameters in the functions describing leaf and stem surfaces are estimated by fitting computed triangulated surfaces into the related point cloud using least squares optimization.
Parameters were estimated by computing the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters without any approximation of the model (that is, no linearization) using the stochastic approximation expectation maximization algorithm combined with a Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure.
The level of genetic variation among populations was estimated by computing FST values using the estimator of Weir and Cockerham (1984).
