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From Costello et al.'s (2009) data, we extracted a network of 144 mitochondrial proteins (22 of which are duplicates) with 952 interactions.
Closer inspection of the output file revealed that two submissions made by independent investigators to GenBank, AAF78897 (817and and CAE05519 (1094aa) are duplicates, with AAF78897 being a truncated version of CAE05519.
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As much as 15 percent of human genes are duplicated with segmental duplications covering 5.2 percent of the genome [37].
It is possible that the performance at the corners is relatively poor because the shortest paths to most of the anchors are duplicated with each other.
Another reason for inaccurate distance estimation in the proposed algorithm is the path duplicate problem; the separately measured shortest paths from the normal node to the anchor pair are duplicated with each other.
In Y. pestis, the genes encoding dapB, C, D and E are duplicated with two copies of each present in the chromosome [15].
Chromosomes are duplicated with remarkable speed and accuracy, with no molecules of DNA left unreplicated or replicated more than once.
In the Tokyo-1 sequence, the 66-bp portion is largely deleted, most 55- and 18-bp segments are duplicated, with a unique 17-bp sequence insertion [ 83].
Multiple mappings show that flanking sequences map to regions of the D. melanogaster that are duplicated with respect to the query species.
Six pairs were seen to be duplicates, with over 98% genotype identity across typed markers (Table S1).
The evolutionary operations are: Gene duplication: a gene is duplicated with probability p d.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com