Sentence examples for are duplicated through from inspiring English sources

Genes are duplicated through two main duplication mechanisms; DNA-mediated and RNA-mediated [ 27, 28].

For instance, the so called connected genes, which are often dosage-sensitive, are duplicated through polyploidy [ 18, 54].

Unlike genes that are duplicated through retrotransposition, genes that move via DNA-mediated mechanisms contain introns in both the parent copy and the daughter copy.

Genes that are duplicated through retrotransposition result in one copy with introns (the original copy or "parent") and one copy without introns (the duplicated copy or "daughter").

Moreover, since selection is not involved, the rate of introduction of duplications and deletions can be expected to be the same for all functional categories c (except of course for transposable elements which are duplicated through a separate mechanism).

For duplicate genomes such as soybean and maize, a portion of putative SNPs are derived from the alignment of paralogous sequences, i.e. the sequences aligned may come from different loci that are duplicated through evolution in the genome.

Genes can be duplicated through tandem duplication and retrotransposition.

From this initial chromosome organization, the ancestral diploid genome was duplicated through Whole-Genome Duplication (WGD) then fragmented giving rise to an intermediate ancestor with 2n = 2× = 24 chromosomes [ 11].

Trans-NATs expressed antisense of pseudogenes can be duplicated through events of genomic duplication.

However, these cases were also observed that two or more genes in a cluster were duplicated through a single tandem duplication event (data not shown).

The clustering of the OLFR genes in chromosomal regions also suggests this gene family may have been duplicated through in situ tandem duplications [ 13].