Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
are calculated from
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "are calculated from" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when describing how certain values or results are derived or determined based on other data or parameters. Example: "The final scores are calculated from the average of all test results."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(17)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Loadings are calculated from ink concentration and known deposited volumes.
Science & Research
The aerodynamic coefficients are calculated from Tornado program.
Local film cooling effects are calculated from these temperature distributions.
Science
Heat fluxes are calculated from the bulk formulae.
Science
Certified by your doctor or midwife, leave and benefit are calculated from this point.
News & Media
Optimal sample sizes are calculated from variance predictions by Ospats.
Science
(Dell's per-PC profits are calculated from its total PC revenues and its consumer segment profits).
News & Media
All distances in France are calculated from the plaza facing the church's western towers.
News & Media
The corresponding lattice strains are calculated from the data shown in Figure 3.
Science & Research
Note: Sales estimates are calculated from handgun, long gun and multiple-gun background checks.
News & Media
Subsequent velocity, acceleration and power traces are calculated from the smoothed position trace.
Science & Research
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "are calculated from", ensure the source data or parameters are clearly defined to avoid ambiguity. For instance, specify which formula or method is used in the calculation.
Common error
Avoid using "are calculated from" without clearly specifying the input data or methodology. Instead of saying "results are calculated from data", specify "results are calculated from the survey responses and demographic data".
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "are calculated from" functions as a passive construction, indicating that a particular value or set of values is derived through a computational process based on specified inputs. As shown in Ludwig, it's frequently used in scientific and technical writing.
Frequent in
Science
77%
News & Media
14%
Academia
9%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "are calculated from" is a common and grammatically correct passive construction used to describe how specific values are derived. Ludwig AI confirms its validity. Predominantly found in scientific and academic writing, it explains methodologies and ensures transparency. While versatile, clearly defining the source data is crucial for effective communication. Alternatives like ""are derived from"" and "are determined by" offer subtle nuances depending on the context. By considering these insights, writers can effectively utilize "are calculated from" to enhance clarity and precision in their work.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
are derived from
This alternative emphasizes the origin or source from which something is obtained, slightly more formal.
are determined by
This alternative suggests that something is definitively decided or influenced by specific factors, implying a cause-and-effect relationship.
are obtained from
Focuses on the process of acquiring or getting something from a specific source.
are computed using
Highlights the mathematical or computational process involved in finding a result.
are estimated based on
Indicates an approximate calculation relying on certain assumptions or data.
are inferred from
Suggests a conclusion reached through reasoning and evidence, not direct calculation.
are figured out from
A more informal way of saying something is understood or solved using given information.
stem from
Implies that something originates or arises as a consequence of something else.
result from
This emphasizes the consequence or outcome of a particular action or cause.
are based upon
Implies a foundational relationship, where something relies on a set of principles or information.
FAQs
What does "are calculated from" mean?
The phrase "are calculated from" indicates that certain values or results are derived or determined based on other data, formulas, or parameters. It means that one set of information is used as the basis to compute another.
How to use "are calculated from" in a sentence?
You can use "are calculated from" to describe how values or results are derived. For example, "The final scores "are derived from" the average of all test results".
What can I say instead of "are calculated from"?
You can use alternatives like ""are derived from"", "are determined by", or "are obtained from" depending on the context.
Is "are calculated from" formal or informal?
The phrase "are calculated from" is generally considered neutral and can be used in various contexts, including formal, academic, and informal writing. However, its suitability depends on the specific tone and audience of your writing.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested