Essex is among the worst performers in Spiked's research – one of five universities in which the student union and the administration are both assessed as actively preventing freedom of speech.
Illicit substance dependence and alcohol dependence are both assessed by means of the Opiate Treatment Index substance use items [ 15].
Meanwhile, the school's "behaviour and safety" and "leadership and management" – the two indicators under which safeguarding performance is judged – were both assessed as "outstanding".
Among other species, blue and white marlin were both assessed as being vulnerable to extinction, putting them in the third of the three most serious categories for threatened species and at risk of dying out globally.
Message acceptance (i.e., intention and effectiveness) and message rejection were both assessed using a self-report survey.
State anxiety and trait anxiety were both assessed by 20 items with scores ranging from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater levels of anxiety.
Impressions and models were both assessed using dental loupes (magnification=x3.5).
Medication use and family history of diabetes were both assessed by the 1988 questionnaire.
Convergence between runs and adequacy of the burn-in period were both assessed using Tracer v1.5 [ 21].
(with answers divided into "Yes" or "No"), and academic position were both assessed by using PSPQ [ 3].
