The phrase "are applied instead of" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing the substitution of one method, technique, or item for another in a particular context.
Example: "In this experiment, traditional methods are applied instead of modern techniques to observe the differences in results."
Alternatives: "are used in place of" or "are utilized rather than".
For the optimization of the realizability loss, new (energy and supremum) norms E2 and E∞ are applied instead of the classical norms H2 and H∞.
This can be shown for the effect of carrier surface rugosity when inertial separation forces are applied instead of the more widely applied lift and drag forces.
Accordingly, adequate displacement values are detected at the crack plane and accurate displacement-based constitutive models are applied instead of simplified strain-based ones.
To utilize the hydropower potential reverse driven centrifugal pumps ("pumps as turbines", PAT) are applied instead of common turbines (see "Machine selection").
Therefore, considering the denoising result of high-frequency scales, BM and SVD are applied instead of the adaptive threshold at fine scales.
In order to ensure the continuity of the shear stress distribution in the thickness direction, the interpolation functions suggested by Vinson and Chou (1975) are applied instead of shear correction factor as in the second part of Eq. (5).
When impact assisted penetration of microneedle array was applied instead of incremental increase of applied force, a significant impedance reduction of up to 50% on animal skin and 95% on human skin was obtained, which is a strong evidence of successful skin penetration.
In the following demonstrations, TM (transverse magnetic) polarization is applied instead of TE polarization.
The spray freeze-drying (SFD) method was applied instead of the spray-drying one previously developed.
To minimize the longitudinal compositional modulation in high aspect ratio pores, pulse current were applied instead of direct current.
For the flow tests, where, for safety reasons, air was applied instead of vapor phase LPG, an original test stand was applied.
