Sentence examples for are activated through a from inspiring English sources

We have previously shown that mtUPR responsive genes are activated through a CHOP element and transcriptional activation requires the hetero-dimerisation of the C/EBP homology protein CHOP and C/EBPβ (CAAT enhancer-binding protein) [9].

First, the classically activated (or M1) macrophages are activated through a cell-mediated immune response.

These receptors belong to a novel family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that are activated through a unique process.

Rho GTPases are activated through a GTP-for-GDP nucleotide exchange reaction, catalyzed by the Rho GTPase-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) (Ridley, 2001a).

MAPKs are activated through a protein kinase cascade in which a MAP3K (MAPK kinase kinase) activates an MKK (MAPK kinase, also known as MAP2K) that, in turn, activates a MAPK [ 1].

7 Conceptually, we require functional molecules, which could be regarded as prodrugs, that accumulate in all mitochondria as a result of a targeting group, but are activated through a ROS-dependent trigger only in those mitochondria where ROS levels are high enough to release molecules that moderate ROS production.

MMP9 and MMP2 are released as proenzymes (pro-MMPs) into extracellular space, where they are activated through an enzymatic cleavage to mature MMPs [ 4].

In the first group the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK1/2 and transcription factor STAT1, which is activated through a p38 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) MAPK-dependent pathway in response to IFN-α and other cellular stresses, were constantly increased.

Indeed, another receptor, the transforming growth factor- β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which is activated through a diverse set of intra- and extracellular stimuli, has been recently added to the list of necroptosis-inducing receptors.

Peroxidase was activated through a previously described NaIO4 carbohydrate activation [1].

Subsequently, transcription factor activator of proteins (c-Fos and c-Jun) and NF-κB were activated through a kinase pathway involving in map kinases, NIK (NF-κB inducing kinase) and I-κB kinase, thus co-stimulating the proliferation of activated T-cells accompanied by the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 [ 28].