Sentence examples for arc vaporization from inspiring English sources

The source of depositing atoms can be from vacuum evaporation, sputtering, arc vaporization or from a chemical vapor precursor.

Arc vaporization, particularly cathodic arc vaporization, provides a means for forming copious amounts of film ions and reactive gas ions.

For the different techniques that authors have used at low cost in large-scale and continuous production, we summarize the following: arc-discharge method, where it was the first method to produce nanotubes by the arc vaporization of two graphite rods which are placed in an inert gas for the reaction.

Arc vaporization in a very low pressure vacuum occurs when a high current-density, low voltage electric current passes between slightly separated electrodes in a vacuum, vaporizing the electrode surfaces and forming a plasma of the vaporized material between the electrodes.

Boron-doping of carbon nanohorn-aggregates was carried out by using arc-vaporization of a boron-containing composite carbon rod in a balanced gas of Ar with 5% of O2.

Various methods have been developed for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, including metalcatalyzed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [6 8], arc evaporation [9], laser ablation of carbon [10], catalytic decomposition [11], HiPCO process [12] or pulsed laser vaporization (PLV) [13].

Therefore, a proper liquid with optimized electrical characteristic, great cooling ability and low vaporization during arc discharge should be found.

Once vaporization occurred, an arc discharge formed between the electrodes, and the current flowed through the low-resistance arc plasma.

This may be challenging but very possible, considering the fact that the (10,0) tube was successfully produced by many means, such as by direct laser vaporization [38], electric arc technique [39], and chemical vapor deposition [40], and can be selected from mixed or disordered samples using a DNA-based separation process [41].

Vaporization – the solid sample vaporizes to a gas.

The plasma arc provided the extreme high temperature inside the vaporization chamber, which melted and evaporated the graphite rods.