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The pre-processing step with Barcode allows circumventing the need of setting an arbitrary expression threshold that segregates between expressed and non-expressed genes as e.g. in [ 21, 23, 24].
For instance, gene expression values are ranked to identify the top-most list of expressed genes, based on an arbitrary expression threshold, or a set of gene expression experiments are clustered, each cluster defining a potentially large gene list.
Transcript abundance for about 3,700 MP genes represented on the exon-junction chip was expressed as an interval of 100 to 60,000 arbitrary expression units.
The relative level of expression, normalised to the endogenous control and relative to the positive control, was then calculated by the formula 2−ΔΔ C T. The level of gene expression of the positive control was assigned an arbitrary expression value of 1 and levels of gene expression in the samples were expressed as percentages of the positive control level.
This is not an arbitrary expression of personal preference on Machiavelli's part.
Given these two methods, it is possible to code an arbitrary expression of the language by a single number: first, replace each symbol s by it symbol number #(s).
Similar(36)
These may vary from Premodern nostalgia (as in Sitte 1889, and also Unwin 1909), up to the most ephemeral and arbitrary expressions of Postmodern culture (Ponzini and Nastasi 2011).
Some general results are first obtained about the optimal location of the catalyst for an arbitrary rate expression, and are then applied to two specific rate expressions of practical interest the m-th order kinetics (m ⩾ 0) and the bimolecular Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetics.
where p is an arbitrary propositional expression.
Since the distribution of MSs is arbitrary, the expression in (24) is complex and usually has no closed-form solution.
Since the distribution of the MS is arbitrary, the expression in Equation (12) is complex and usually has no closed-form solution.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com