The order of Theme and Rheme and their organization in the clause as a message are not arbitrary or value-free.
The Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process of Law Clause is properly understood to prohibit arbitrary government actions -- actions that serve only to impose the will of those in power.
In Prawitz (1971) he formulates a clause for implication where he refers to arbitrary extensions of atomic systems, but in Prawitz (1973), where he formulates the completeness conjecture, and also in later papers, he does not consider extensions.
Justice Harlan referred to his dissent in Poe v. Ullman (1961), in which he argued (drawing upon the Court's Lochner-era cases) that the Due Process of Law Clause protects individuals' "freedom from all substantial and arbitrary impositions and purposeless restraints".
Song (2007: 59) finds it hard to decide whether such clauses as the following should be subsumed under the one or the other without being arbitrary: This heterogeneous feature also holds true for event-existentials, which, as we have discussed, comprise different subtypes, i.e., pseudo-existentials, clauses of (dis)appearance, PSPO clauses.
Whereas the Privileges or Immunities Clause guarantees the natural and common law rights of citizens, the Due Process of Law Clause ensures that no person -- citizen or not -- and is subjected to arbitrary exercises of government power that further no rational, public-spirited end.
Magna Carta's most famous clauses forbid the king to sell, deny or delay justice, and protect any free man from arbitrary imprisonment "save by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land".
The Association of British Muslims was not rude or arrogant when it quite rightly criticised the UN general assembly for removing a clause abut the sexual orientation of the victims from its resolution on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions.
These recursive clauses (called "truth conditions") can be reapplied until the truth of a non-elementary, molecular sentence of arbitrary complexity is reduced to the truth or falsehood of its elementary, atomic constituents.
The bourgeois revolutionaries overthrew the ancien régime in the name of freedom and equality for all – and though these ideals were "packed with tacit or explicit clauses excluding women, the poor, slaves and many other groups from its ambit" (Callinicos, Equality), the universalism of these ideals had a tendency to breach these morally arbitrary, power-determined limiting clauses.
