The new carbon cost estimate, in particular, has drawn fire from industry groups who regard it as an arbitrary assessment intended to further an environmental agenda.
At the beginning of each month, Thin Reads presents its monthly ranking of the seven buzziest, coolest, most talked about, most topical and just plain most interesting e-book single topics based on a totally arbitrary assessment of titles available on digital newsstands.
An advantage of this model is that it allows peer reviewers to concentrate on what is most important — assessing whether the science is technically sound and the conclusions are fully supported by the data; they do not have to make a more arbitrary assessment of the perceived importance of the findings.
Although subjectivity does not necessarily imply unreliability (Van der Vleuten et al. 1991; Swanson et al. 1995), it is nevertheless of critical importance to reduce the risk of arbitrary judgment, especially when assessment relies on single judgments by single assessors.
He made the collection of the vingtième (5 percent tax on income) less arbitrary, reorganized assessment of the capitation (head tax) of Paris, and concluded more lucrative agreements with the farmers general, the financiers who purchased the right to collect indirect taxes.
In their conversation, Mr. Steinberg shared a long-held obsession with Mr. de Blasio — the seemingly arbitrary way tax assessments are determined, leaving some property owners to grossly overpay and some to underpay.
"We'll keep fighting," he said.With Russia's veterinary and phytosanitary services becoming increasingly capricious and arbitrary in their assessments of foreign foods, some producers may have no choice but to try and sell their products elsewhere.
Although arbitrary, this quality assessment was done by two independent researchers, who compared results and reached consensus.
Even so, the scores given by students who did their clerkship in the same practice did not vary greatly, so that the identification of poor practices does not seem to be the result of an arbitrary or random assessment.
Conditions at the new prison are markedly better, according to independent Afghan and Western assessments, although arbitrary detentions and a lack of due process remain serious problems.
