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Data from 1992 to 2011 demonstrate that the labor disputes arbitrated by arbitral institutes were only the tip of the iceberg compared to all admitted cases.
In order to avoid the situation in which workers took protests outside of the institutionalized relief channels due to the inability of arbitral institutes and the lengthy arbitration proceedings, the Law of Mediation and Arbitration further expanded the scope of admission.
Only about 50,000 dispute cases were formally accepted by arbitral institutes; of these, only about 10%% were arbitrated, while the other 90%% were settled either by mediation or withdrawal by prosecutors after mediation.
In model 2, the mediation capacity of arbitral institutes does not pass the significance test, which might be caused by arbitral institutes' selective intervention.
Therefore, many labor disputes, even if sent to arbitral institutes, could basically be settled through multiple mediations (see Table 2).
However, for arbitral institutes, collective cases involving 11 people are not very different from individual cases involving nine people.
Similar(32)
Hypothesis one: Mediation has reduced the scale of labor disputes admitted by arbitral institutions.
Hypothesis two: Mediation has reduced the frequency of labor disputes admitted by arbitral institutions.
The complaints system is code-based while the arbitral system involves the civil law and is governed by the 1996 arbitration act.
Brandis said Australia respected the arbitral proceedings in The Hague.
The UAE has made progress: its courts tend to recognise the decisions of foreign arbitral tribunals.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com