Exact(4)
In order to simplify the model and to make possible its computer simulation, we have adopted a quasi-static approximation where we assume that the inertial forces are small compared to the drag forces applied to the boom.
Also, we present in this paper a smoothed version of the CCA problem based on rank-1 matrix approximation where we impose some smoothness on the projections of the variables in order to avoid abrupt or sudden variations.
This "one-trajectory" approximation where we assume similar structure in the bound and unbound state is reasonable and has been applied elsewhere and also has been compared to the results of a "three-trajectory" approximation for this system.
The one approximation especially suited for studies of weakly interacting cold atomic gases is the classical field approximation, where we replace the quantum field operator of the effective field theory ψ ˆ (z ) by a classical field ψ (z ) [8].
Similar(56)
So what you see today at Khan Academy is a very crude approximation of where we'll be in five or 10 years.
We use an approximation where each position is treated independently but the information content of the optional base is weighted by the frequency with which it occurs.
Hence we cannot use an approximation where δ k − depends on the instantaneous value of z, but must calculate δ k − from the past trajectory of z.
This expression turned out to be both too computationally expensive and a bit excessive when working with dense foams though, so instead we settled for Kück's approximation where the intersection is set to be the parametric average between the two overlapping spherical segments (see figure 1).
In the absence of neural noise, all codes with the same value of p would transmit the same amount of information, and there would be an infinite set of nominally optimal domains G. We will work in an approximation where the noise is small.
In order to simplify the formalism so as to obtain simple analytical estimates, we again consider the logic approximation, where the regulation functions are described by step functions which take only binary values 0 or 1.
In order to use analytical tools to study the behavior of these systems under time-dependent signals, we will employ the "logic" approximation, where regulation functions are replaced by all-or-none functions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com