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When the normal approximation is a valid hypothesis, there is a general consistency between the two-sided 95% confidence interval approach (non-inferiority at α/2 < 2.5%) and the non-inferiority chi-square (D-value < 5%), as shown in Figure 1.
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Diffusion approximation is a description of the process, valid when N is large, where the allele frequency n/N are replaced by real number x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
Because the heat effects associated with adsorption are comparatively large, the assumption of isothermal behavior is a valid approximation only when uptake rates are relatively slow.
Because the heat effects associated with adsorption are comparatively large, the assumption of isothermal behaviour is a valid approximation only when uptake rates are relatively slow.
This result demonstrates that the CCPF model is a valid approximation for flows in karst aquifers as long as we set the fluid exchange coefficient sufficiently large and at least in the simple two-dimensional setting that we consider.
Since r2 ≪ 1 in typical applications and U ¯ n ( z ) is a smooth function, this is a valid approximation.
Typically, one assumes that the mixing is linear and instantaneous, which is a valid approximation in brain signals[6 ]
The averaging is a valid approximation, because the MFPT to ∂Ω i is constant to begin with (except in a negligible boundary layer).
Provided the linearized model (5) is a valid approximation, the optimal values, in a minimum mean squared error sense, of follow from the extended Kalman filter equations [9].
Therefore, it seems that a static scanning protocol, together with fixed rate constants, is a valid approximation of full kinetic modeling in the case of healthy volunteers.
Such assumptions consider that islands do not undergo dramatic changes in morphology or composition under capping, which is a valid approximation for the growth temperatures used here and the reduced strain with respect to pure InAs islands [35].
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com