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For practical purposes, we believe it approximates random assignment.
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The process B t) has many other properties, which in principle are all inherited from the approximating random walk Bm(t).
In this section, we approximate random (C^ -ternary algebras homomorphisms of a C^ -ternaryen algebras mapping (see also [34–45]).
A theoretical stacking factor (SF) of 0.634 to approximate random close stacking employed by many dosimetry models [32, 33] was utilized.
2D Population Balance Equations are solved by the Galerkin-finite element method to obtain the distributions, accounting for 2D 'topological scission'; a manner to approximate random scission by an estimated fragment length distribution.
The key to SMC methods is the sequential computation of Eq. (2), which is done by updating the approximating random measures at time instant t to the next time instant t+1.
This reduces the error introduced by selection bias and can approximate random assignment when large sample sizes are used (such as 1000 or more) and when matching takes place using a large number of covariates (usually 10 or more) (Stuart and Rubin 2004).
In contrast, a de novo pseudopod is extended in an approximating random direction, thereby interrupting the straight run [16].
The plot from the spliced gene sequences segregated into two distinct sets of ORFs: a curve exhibiting NED approximating random DNA (≤750 bases), and a separate NED curve of non-conforming ORFs ranging from 2000 bases to several thousand bases (Figure 5A).
This approach ensured that each of the approximating random variables shown in table 1 matched the minimum, maximum, mean and variance of the observed variables.
OD banding is based upon an approximate random effects model and makes a reasonable attempt to overcome the limitations of the error structure of the SHMI, 12 albeit acting indirectly.
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