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Because the ratio of sample size to population size was small, we approximated the sample design by a "with-replacement" design for purposes of variance estimation in SUDAAN.
In technical terms, we approximated the sample size of a future RCT required for the cumulative meta-analysis Z-statistic to cross the TSA monitoring boundaries demonstrating moderate evidence and the TSA monitoring boundaries demonstrating strong evidence.
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Univariate kriging is used in approximating the sample distributions of statistics for detecting outliers in time series.
By approximating the sample fluxes as normal distributions, we measured the sample mean and variance of the stochastic fluxes on sets of 25 simulations for the three cases of initial A levels, given in the Additional file 1.
First by truncating the sampling expansion (4) and then by approximating the samples, using standard methods of solving ordinary differential equations.
In this study, it was determined that the 90-m resolution climate data proved especially important in resolving the strongly contrasting and locally inverted temperature regimes associated with the marine boundary layer near the coast and for approximating the sampling scale of the field sites.
The method of Fleishman uses higher order moments (Skewness and kurtosis) as a way of simulating data that approximates the sampling distribution.
Recent birth cohort studies have implemented protocols approximating the sampling framework presented in Tables 1 and 2. These efforts, however, require intensive staff time to collect the information and samples and to maintain retention.
All geographic regions of the country were represented by the sample of 23 TB clinics and the geographic distribution of the sample approximated the distribution of clinics nationally (Table 1).
Unexpectedly, the Education group alone improved disease care scores over time and more closely approximated the test standardization sample by study end.
Participants were then selected based on a two-step probability sampling design, poststratified for age and gender so that the sample approximated the latest census data.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com