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Individuals whose sera inhibited growth below the approximate median value for each parasite line (3D7, <45% growth [% of control], n = 66; W2mef, <35% growth, n = 69) were defined as 'high inhibitors'.
For the exposure length classes, we considered the approximate median value.
Household income was recoded into above and below $60 000 annually (approximate median value in this sample).
The Limma eBayes correction [ 52] was used to shrink the residual variances of genes towards their approximate median value.
Women were categorised as pre- or postmenopausal by using age 50 as the cut-off point, based on the approximate median value in several studies (Luoto et al, 1994; Gold et al, 2001; Rodstrom et al, 2003).
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The log2Cy5/Cy3 ratios were normalized by approximating median values to zero.
The relationship between the typical value of a parameter (PTV) and a continuous valued covariate (R) was tested using the following: where P1 and P2 are fixed-effect parameters, and REF is the reference value of the covariate, which was selected to approximate the median value of the covariate.
An HbA1c value of 6.5% approximates the median value and reflects excellent glycemic control.
PFOS concentrations may not have increased since 1989 because the median values of the paired and nonpaired samples approximated the median value (36 ng/mL) of 108 samples of American Red Cross blood donors from the Hagerstown area that were collected in 2001 (Olsen et al. 2003c).
For scoring purposes, gene expression was classified as upregulated or downregulated according to expression above or below the level with highest sensitivity and specificity for metastasis detection within 3 years of follow-up, as determined by ROC analysis (which for the most part approximated the median value).
All odds ratios are described in terms of the numerically approximated (via MCMC) median value of their posterior distribution and the associated 95% Bayesian CrI.
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