Instead, he argues for new approaches which combine two-factor authentication (using a mobile phone in addition to a password to verify identity to a website) with biometric data and other proof of ID, to remove many of the threats that currently affect only security.
In this paper, hybrid approaches which combine the frequency-domain spectral coding and either one of the two time-domain approaches (windowing and filtering) are proposed to deal with various abovementioned practical issues.
The block diagram in Fig. 1 is used to describe not only the time-domain and frequency-domain approaches but also the hybrid approaches which combine the processes in both frequency and time domains.
One challenge would be the proposal of learning approaches, which combine at least the network topology including the number of hops between landmarks—and RTTs for each couple of hosts.
Other similar approaches, which combine Seam Carving with Scaling, resize image by using a modified energy function based on wavelet decomposition [16], analyzing the cost of the next seam [17] and the importance value for the minimal seam [18], etc.
In this respect, the scientific community should develop approaches which combine the open innovation concept with the human factor and the public perception, or in other words, the 'company innovation ecosystem' and the product innovation ecosystem.
These trials should focus on standardised theory-based psychological therapies, rather than multimodal approaches which combine a variety of approaches.
A particularly efficient class of stochastic global optimization methods are the so-called metaheuristic approaches, which combine mechanisms for exploring the search space and exploiting previously obtained knowledge.
