The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare the accuracy of two new approaches using either low-field MRI or combined US and ACPA with the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1987 classification criteria [ 20] in individuals with established RA.
Our two developed approaches use either perfluoroaryl-cysteine SNAr chemistry or organometallic palladium reagents.
However, 'rational' approaches using either natural divergent evolution or computational predictions based on chemical principles have been less successful.
After a short introduction on approaches using either structural or functional indicators, we develop a methodological framework for the analysis and management of landscapes, using landscape ecological principles related to a holistic approach.
Thus far, biological approaches using either isolated enzyme or whole-cell biocatalyst seem to exhibit the highest potential for commercial applications (de Wildeman et al. 2007).
In the era of 'omics', molecular approaches using either specific or degenerate primers are still of high importance, especially in ecological studies where many samples need to be investigated or screened.
The simulation approaches use either general simulation tools, such as AweSim, Minitab, and Arena [32, 38]; or commercial railroad simulation software specifically designed for rail transportation, such as RTC, MultiRail, RAILSIM, OpenTrack, RailSys, and CMS [9, 30].
In the presence of allelic heterogeneity, our approach outperforms both SNP-based approaches using either genotyped or imputed SNPs.
Many of these approaches use either exposure and toxicological predictions or information on pharmaceutical potency, so they can be readily applied to large numbers of compounds.
A number of approaches using either perturbation (knock-out) or wild-type time-series data have appeared in the literature addressing this problem, with the latter using linear temporal models.
