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Experimental batch effects were eliminated by applying the Combat method to normalised expression data (Johnson et al, 2007).
Next, we corrected for potential batch-effects by applying the ComBat normalization method using the R-package "sva" [ 48].
As batch was observed to be a major determinant of variability in the combined DNAm data (Additional files 1 and 2), we adjusted for batch-effects by applying the ComBat normalization method [ 35] using the R-package 'sva'sva
Because the top three principal components were significantly associated with plate (see Supplemental Material, Figure S2, Table S1), suggesting that plate was a major source of variability in methylation across the array, we adjusted for plate effects by applying the ComBat method (Johnson et al. 2007).
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The same applies to the combat scenes, filled to bursting with gross-out visual and aural effects (including the sound of human flesh squelching as it explodes, which must have cropped up a dozen times this week).
We believe we can apply the lessons of combat, and the Warrior ethos, to improving suicide prevention at the VA.
To remove batch effects from the merged data sets we applied the R function ComBat [ 39].
Moreover, the proposed method in this work has been applied to combat the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system's drawback; namely peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).
In addition to these economic changes, Puerto Ricans underwent a radical social change as modern sanitation practices and medical knowledge were applied to combat the island's high death rate.
Other solutions can be applied to combat the impulsive noise effects like a non-linear receiver [4, 15].
Finally, one tap frequency-domain equalization (FDE) is applied to combat the effects of frequency-selective channel as d ̂ j ( n ) = R ~ j ( n ) w j ( n ) for n = 0,…,N c − 1, where the equalization weight is given by w j ( n ) = H 0, j ¯ ∗ ( n ) H 1, j ∗ ( n ) / | H 0, j ¯ ( n ) H 1, j ( n ) | 2 [4].
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