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To apply substrates into the chamber, appropriate Hamilton syringes fitted with 2.5 inch long needle were used.
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This study presents the design of a multimodal loading device which can apply substrate stretch and fluid flow simultaneously while allowing for real-time cell imaging.
The applied substrates were purified by hydrofluoric acid for 10 s (silicon and titanium sheets) and by a soap (the glass slides) with the following prolonged washing with distillate water.
Except for L-[1-C]ascorbic acid, no significant metabolism of applied substrates was observed during the incubation period.
All of the films prepared with applying substrate bias voltage showed wear resistive properties.
Under condition of no applied substrate bias, films of (AlCrSiTiZr 100 − xNx deposited at RN = 30% give the best corrosion resistance.
Results show that the structure and properties of the deposited films strongly depend on the applied substrate negative bias voltage.
The maximum hardness of 32 GPa was obtained at the carbon content of 36.7 at% by applying substrate bias of −100 V.
In the presence of ALP, the applied substrate ascorbic acid 2-phosphate is enzymatically hydrolyzed to produce ascorbic acid, which then reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+.
Here, we explore and optimize succinate production from sucrose, a globally applied substrate in biotechnology, using the rumen bacterium Basfia succiniciproducens DD1.
The aim was to observe the stress of the film as a function of the applied substrate voltage and frequency of the PIII pulse.
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