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Apply a temperature versus time curve to the top surface of the concrete deck and perform transient thermal analysis to simulate the heat transfer throughout the deck by conduction, convection, and radiation due to the applied fire curve scenario.
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The temperature-induced responses are calculated by applying a temperature loading model to the finite element model of the structure.
It was verified that by applying a temperature gradient, the processing time could be significantly reduced.
A test stand apparatus is built applying a temperature gradient on commercially available Bi2Te3 thermoelectric modules by means of an injection and a rejection of heat brought upon by counter current hot and cold liquids.
This is why BMW has fitted a thermoelectric generator in the exhaust system of the test car.The generator converts heat into electricity using the Seebeck effect, named after Thomas Johann Seebeck, a physicist who discovered in 1821 that applying a temperature difference across two adjoined metals gave rise to a small voltage.
It is shown that applying a temperature gradient along the FSMA foil specimen results in the formation and propagation of a martensite austenite phase boundary from the hot to the cold side, allowing for reproducible strain temperature characteristics.
This can be achieved by applying a temperature gradient (high temperature in section 1, and low temperature in section 4), a pressure gradient (e.g. in the supercritical SMB, when pressure is high in section 1, and low in section 4), or a solvent gradient, which is the aim of this work.
Optical properties of novel polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) blends based on two different low molecular weight nematic liquid crystals, 4′- hexyloxy -4-biphenylcarbonitrile (HOBC) and N-(4′- hexyloxy -4-biphenylcarbonitrile(EBBA), and poly(ethylene-b-ethylene oxide) block copolymer (PE-b-PEO), were studied to develop optically reversible PDLC blends applying a temperature gradient.
We applied a temperature correction to the results, which then exactly matched the stress model predictions - so the major part of the test was a big success.
The thermoelectric voltage was measured against nickel wires with a distance of 10 mm in a home-made device when applying a temperature difference between the micro-ceramic heater (Sakaguchi Ltd. MS 1000) up to 1,273 K, and maintaining the cold end at around 473 K, as reported elsewhere [12, 13, 14].
About 500 g of powdered sample plant materials were attenuated in 2.0 L of 95% methanol for 7 days and then filtered through a cotton plug accompanied by Whatman filter paper number 1. Applying a temperature of 40°C to 45°C and reducing the pressure, the extract was concentrated with the assistance of a rotary evaporator.
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