Applying a space-time analogy, the signal in the spatial domain is described through replacing time and frequency by spatial location and spatial frequency, respectively.
To test whether gradual thermal evolution may mitigate these effects at high latitudes, we applied a space-for-time substitution approach using a common-garden warming experiment with replicated populations from low and high latitudes spanning > 1500 km in Europe.
Two other studies evaluated spatial differences among populations that had experienced divergence in temperature over time and thus represents a more robust case for applying a space-for-time substitution (Skelly and Freidenburg 2000; Freidenburg and Skelly 2004).
Since we applied a state space representation with the nonlinear system equation in the context of data assimilation, the conditional distributions of the hidden variables can be non-Gaussian distributions.
As those descriptors are too high dimensional to perform fast and robust face recognition in practice, we apply a feature space transformation technique called LPP [23] to achieve a lower dimensional subspace with only little loss of information that is important for identification.
To remove extraneous influences, we first apply a state-space model that was developed for detecting coseismic changes of groundwater levels (Kitagawa and Matsumoto, 1996; Matsumoto et al., 2003) to the strain data recorded at KMU.
Perhaps apply a rule about space usage: For example, use about two inches by three inches if he or she is someone you know moderately well, and four by four inches if he or she is your absolute best friend.
The authors of [21] also apply a similar state-space filtering structure to estimate parameters of biomechanical models and myocardial motion simultaneously in [23, 24], but the filtering techniques in [23, 24] are realized by the extended Kalman filter and filter, respectively.
We apply a variation of space-time permutation scan statistic to the TB data in which a patient's location is either represented by its exact coordinates or by the centroid of its census tract.
In order to apply to a space agency you need to be a citizen of that country.
