That test applies, Professor Tribe said in an interview, "even when the states are basically willing bystanders".
Because Mr. Poizner was offered support in a hypothetical run, rather than money, the statutes cited by Mr. Poizner would probably not apply, Professor Elmendorf said.
Applying Professor Harris's precept, quoted above, that "[i]f the technique is safe enough for it to be used for the one purpose, I don't see why it wouldn't be safe enough to use for the other," it would only be natural to alleviate the condition of pregnancy, insofar as it comes to be understood to be an illness, by employing farm animal gestation.
"Since 2010, S.M.U. had recognized the emergence of Asian business families and discerned that they require specifically contextualized thought leadership and applied knowledge," Professor Arnoud De Meyer, president of the university, said in a statement.
Daniel A. Russell, a committee member and applied physics professor at Kettering University in Michigan, said that bat experts had conducted extensive tests and field studies in college baseball and adult softball over the past 10 years, but that they just recently turned their attention to youth baseball.
Researchers in private industry and the French Navy have expressed interest in using models of the structures to track the spread of oil after spills in coastal areas, said Francois Lekien, an applied mathematics professor at the École Polytechnique at the Université Libre de Bruxelles in Belgium who was a co-author of the bay studies.
The material is the work of mechanical engineering and applied mathematics professor Anette Hosoi, working with a team including her former graduate student Nadia Cheng and other researchers.
"There's a change of mood that goes from the initial injury and then into a long-term change in behaviour," said Weary, an applied biology professor and associate dean at the University of British Columbia.
Local government layoffs have hurt economic growth in the state, said Thomas Stinson, an applied economics professor at the University of Minnesota and an economist for the state.
I am also an applied economics professor in the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology whose research focuses on the costs, benefits, and effectiveness of policy.
