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Thermal-driven smoke flow is the greatest threat to the trapped people in tunnels, and the basic understanding of the smoke transport characteristics is necessary for the engineering applications of smoke control and exhausting system.
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Application of smoke generated from the burnt cow dung as mosquito repellent and subsequent ash as cleaning agent for kitchen utensils is an age old practice.
These methods include the application of commercial smoke preparations, direct fumigation of seeds, and the application of smoke solutions.
It is well established that the application of smoke and KAR1 breaks seed dormancy and yields earlier testa rupture and overall higher germination rate, although these responses can vary between species.
We reported that the application of smoke-water to maize kernels yielded seedlings with higher vigour and resulted in the induction of stress-related changes in the global transcriptome of young seedlings [ 1].
Presumably, application of smoke-water accelerates protein turnover and affects the assignment of proteins to be degraded by proteasomes and this eventually leads to the enhanced germination and seedling growth.
Previous studies demonstrated that repetitive application of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA -initiated SENCAR mouse skin for 29 weeks at DMBA -initiated and 40 mg "tar"/application reSENCARin timousend doskinependent dermal tumor formation.
Pattern formation of blood vessels, diameter, area and 3D surface roughness of CAMs were substantially disrupted by application of cigarette-smoke extracts.
Baby vegetables, oozing and crackling from the application of fierce heat, taste of smoke but also cleanly and distinctly of themselves.
Germination rates of soil-stored seeds have been found to increase substantially with the application of heat and aqueous solutions of smoke.
This thermal degradation is an important element to evaluate the fire behavior and predict the evolution of smoke emitted during an accidental fire for building application.
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