For precision agriculture applications a cost-effective, standardized sensing system (hardware and software) has been developed, which includes functionalities such as sensors plug-n-play, remote monitoring, tools for crop water requirement estimation, pest, disease monitoring, and nutrient management.
For some applications a cost-based heuristic may be most appropriate; for others a performance-based heuristic may be of greater relevance.
Finally, to justify the economical feasibility of coated carbide tool in hard turning application, a cost analysis was performed based on Gilbert's approach by evaluating the tool life under optimized cutting condition (suggested by response optimization technique).
The organization found that from 1982 to 1992, ATF had processed more than 22,000 applications at a cost to taxpayers of millions of dollars each year.
Commercial applications have a cost that limits distribution and use.
For potential field application, a cost-effective and sustainable in situ electrochemical process using a solar panel as power supply is being evaluated.
In some applications a minimum cost transportation model arises where supplies are fixed while demands may simultaneously vary.
"We expect SanDisk to benefit from continued strength in demand, driven by the rapid and continual emergence of new applications, a steep cost reduction curve for 2006, and its enviable IP portfolio and royalty growth," he said.
So-called premium processing is available to expedite an application, at a cost of $1,000 for each petitioner.
We then applied for an appointment at a premium service centre to submit our application at a cost of £1,583," he said.
They are used in conjunction with a microwave power source and usually, in keeping with their low-cost application, a low cost Schottky diode detector and VSWR meter rather than an expensive microwave power meter.
