The phrase "application of sludge" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts related to environmental science, waste management, or agricultural practices where sludge is being utilized for a specific purpose.
Example: "The application of sludge in agricultural fields can enhance soil fertility and improve crop yields."
Alternatives: "use of sludge" or "utilization of sludge".
Zubris, K. A. V. & Richards, B. K. Synthetic fibers as an indicator of land application of sludge.
A 44-month field experiment was conducted to study the effects of increasing application of sludge, and its interactions with mineral N and P fertilizers, on wood volume.
Repeated application of sludge at 60 Mg ha−1 resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni in the leachates than with other treatments.
The response surface modeling showed the following outcomes: i) application of sludge based on N criterion reduced the need for N and P fertilizers by 100%; and ii) an increase in wood volume by 7% could be achieved, compared to NPK fertilizers only, if 2/3 of the recommended P was applied.
The metal accumulations in harvested plants were also significantly affected by the application of sludge.
However, the presence of pathogenic organisms may pose health risks, limiting the direct application of sludge to soil fertilization.
The speciation of phosphorus (P) in sludge is of great relevance to P reclamation/recycling and soil application of sludge-derived products, thus it is critical to understand the effects of different treatment techniques and conditions on P speciation.
Surfactants are widespread in soil due to waste-water irrigation, application of sludges and agricultural activities.
Under experimental conditions described previously, Mannion et al. (1994) found that low applications of sludge (8% to 24% w/w) did not have an effect on PF populations.
Application of the sludge strictly followed the German sewage sludge ordinance according to which 5 tons of dry sludge per hectare over 3 years can be applied to agricultural areas.
PCDD/F concentrations increased by factors of 1.4 to 17.0 (mean 7.1) after sludge application, indicating that application of sewage sludge increases PCDD/F contamination in soil.
