The phrase "application of atp" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts related to biology, biochemistry, or any discussion involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its functions or uses.
Example: "The application of ATP in cellular respiration is crucial for energy production in living organisms."
Alternatives: "use of ATP" or "utilization of ATP".
Indeed, application of ATP or ATP receptor agonists activates sympathoexcitatory RVLM neurones [ 37, 43] and leads to marked increases in the arterial blood pressure, heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity [ 23, 37, 43, 44].
The analysis of MSL data expands the ATP knowledgebase in that it demonstrates the application of ATP threshold established from the MER-ATP study when applied to a flight project, i.e., not in a controlled experimental setting.
Exogenous application of ATP induced a reduction of alternative oxidase 1 expression, enhancing antioxidant systems and delayed pericarp browning in litchi Additionally, elevated ATP and energy levels decrease membrane permeability and production of reactive oxygen species during ripening.
A mutant in the plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a reduced H+-ATPase activity, when examined at the single-channel level with the patch-clamp technique, was found to exhibit K+ channels activated by intracellular application of ATP.
In contrast, local application of ATP produced a large inward current (Fig. 6C).
Instead, microglial dendritic morphology increased, similar to that seen with the application of ATP alone (Fig. 7A, Movie S5).
However, repeated applications of ATP to achieve saturation of its receptor did not prevent the subsequent induction of electrically evoked long-term potentiation.
Co-application of ATP and MTX to intermediate state 3 polarized macrophages produced both intracellular F-actin clustering and radiating F-actin ramifications but co-application to P2X7R-depleted M1 macrophages produced the same pattern of intense intracellular clustering as seen with ATP alone in these macrophages.
Glycolysis inhibitors caused rapid (within 30 min) and stable (to 2 h after application) depletion of ATP levels compared with ALA-only controls.
Our results show that the application of exogenous ATP was able to induce microglial changes even in the presence of glutamatergic blockade, indicating that ATP release may occur "downstream" to glutamate receptor activation.
Application of basolateral ATP (100 μ m) caused a reversible intracellular alkalization in perfused mTAL, which was sustained during the 2-min exposure to ATP and then returned to the basal pHi after a washout period of 2 5 min.
