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Additional large population-based case control studies are required to verify our findings before any confirmatory conclusion can be made.
However, the HeiLivCa trial was stopped prematurely after the inclusion of fifty patients and, for this reason, any confirmatory statistical analysis was unattainable.
Unfortunately, they did not perform any confirmatory experiment (real-time PCR or immunohistochemistry) in order to verify the reality of their microarray data [ 30].
However, because of the limited amounts of sera and plasma available from the Medical Biobank, we were not able to undertake any confirmatory analyses for anti-ENA or anti-dsDNA antibodies using alternative techniques, which would have been desirable.
We accept the family physician's diagnosis of essential hypertension without doing any confirmatory tests, because this is what happens in practice, and because essential hypertension is, by far, the most likely diagnosis in primary care.
Based on our exploratory analysis of a higher ER cut-point we suggest that any confirmatory study should look primarily at ER-present (IHC > 1% staining) versus ER-absent staining.
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In any case, confirmatory studies will be required to corroborate if baseline serum levels of TNF-α and MMP-9 are clinically useful in this setting.
In view of the large interindividual variance between subjects, any hypothetical confirmatory trial would have to include at least a ten-fold greater number of patients.
A single preliminary study suggested that NF- κB may be of prognostic value in anal cancer, but there have not been any other confirmatory studies (Ajani et al, 2009).
If any positive interaction, a confirmatory RCT with biomarker-based stratification of randomization would then be conducted.
If any test was positive, a confirmatory HIV rapid test was done.
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