When consumers can judge the quality of service they get (without knowing whether the quality received is the ex ante needed one, though), experts may also provide an unnecessarily high quality, which is referred to as overtreatment (see Dulleck and Kerschbamer, 2006, for a survey of the theoretical literature).
"That was the sort of ante we needed to get us into the game," McKibben said.
C1 Business Digest C1 EDITORIAL A16-17 EdiTheials: The oil-for-food audits; upping the judicial ante; the need to curb Indonesia's army; New Yorkers come through.
"Fifty million is the kind of ante you need to play in this poker game, and you've got to be prepared to back that up after the betting starts," said Richard Flasck, the founder of Alphasil, a flat- panel company shut down by its backer, Honeywell Inc., in 1989.
An ex ante approach is needed.
But his ante-post favourite needs to improve on a record at the track - which reads third, fell, fourth - albeit he had a big chance when falling late on in the Gold Cup two years ago.
"We believe that such a course is not only compelling in moral terms, but reflects a necessary and pragmatic acknowledgment of the untenable situation of the Dreamers and the need to provide a clear path that will allow them to lead lives of dignity and purpose in this country". "This decision raises the ante on the need for urgent congressional action," they added.
If your employer gives you 8% and you need to save 15%, then you need to ante up 7%; if your employer gives you 3%, you need to ante up 12%," Young says.
The failure of an international bank needs ex ante cooperation agreements with other countries, particularly Britain.
RRI aims to strengthen ex ante consideration of societal needs and ethical aspects in research and innovation practices, amongst others, through research funding programs related to, for example, public and stakeholder dialogue.
