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The substituted p8 peptides were less effective, overall, although a similar antagonism effect in the assays was seen with R8L (Fig. 2B).
Therefore, PSP toxins with antagonism effect can raise the chance of cell survival by blocking inflow of Na+.
Based on the antagonism effect of PSP toxins, we designed an improved cell-based assay to detect PSP toxins using a neuroblastoma cell-based impedance biosensor.
Using mixtures of extractants may increase the extractability and selectivity of metals, however, the opposite effect may occur with certain mixtures (antagonism effect), where the interaction between extractant molecules in the mixture are so strong that the metal distribution coefficient dramatically decreases compared to single system.
Positive induction was demonstrated by the antagonism effect surrounding the cephalosporin disks adjacent to the inducers.
In this experiment only a 100 mg/kg Lac-FR dose was tested to observe the antagonism effect after the pre-treatment with naloxone.
Similar(51)
The combined toxicological effects include additive effects, synergistic effects, potentiation effects, and antagonism effects.
Computer aided drug discovery for selective antagonism effects on α1A subtypes of G-protein coupled receptors are important in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Statistically consistent responses of null, synergy and antagonism effects were found when characterizing the interactions between several pairs of individual and complex mixtures of chemical antioxidant agents.
Furthermore, each isomer of MDMA appeared to attenuate the effect of its opposite enantiomer on some behaviors; antagonism effects that were surmised from a lack of expected activities by racemic MDMA.
Cytokines are characterized by pleiotropism, redundancy, synergism, and antagonism effects [ 13, 14].
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