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All samples had clinically definite MS by either the Poser criteria or McDonald criteria and anonymous population samples from respective populations were used as controls.
Since the Netherlands cancer registry registers anonymous population data, no written informed consent was required.
Specifically, non-consenting parents were told verbally that the blood spot would be used for anonymous population screening to obtain information on allele prevalence; if the parent objected, the sample was discarded.
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To describe the technical approach and subsequent validation of the probabilistic linkage of the three anonymous, population-based Dutch Perinatal Registries (LVR1 of midwives, LVR2 of obstetricians, and LNR of pediatricians/neonatologists).
This was an unlinked, prospective, anonymous, population-based study.
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first anonymous population-based study estimating the prevalence of child sexual abuse in a comprehensive sample from Brazil.
The use of an anonymous screening population avoids many potential sources of bias.
Thus ethical approval is not needed for e.g. register-based research, opinion polls or anonymous general population postal surveys.
The current study was part of a repeated anonymous general population postal survey, performed every three years.
The survey was anonymous; the whole population sample received two reminders to fill in the survey.
To explore the representativeness of the study population, anonymous information about the total clinical population was collected from annual reports from St . Olavs University Hospital, 2009–2011.
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