and which contributed to

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "and which contributed to" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something played a role in causing or influencing a particular outcome or situation. Example: "The research findings were significant, and which contributed to the development of new treatment protocols."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Academia

Encyclopedias

Wiki

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

12 human-written examples

I'm told that this was one of the things that Jason didn't understand and which contributed to his "condition".

The New Yorker

HP's chief executive Meg Whitman has decided to make webOS - the operating system that it acquired in buying Palm for $1.2bn in April 2010, and which contributed to a $2bn write-off in its latest quarterly results - open source.

The Guardian - Tech

It's not beyond imagining that Mr. Obama could break with a practice whose ills he observed so astutely, and which contributed to the downfall of the Democrat he hoped would cement his legacy.

The New York Times

The Edinburgh Review, or The Critical Journal, Scottish magazine that was published from 1802 to 1929, and which contributed to the development of the modern periodical and to modern standards of literary criticism.

Encyclopedia Britannica

It subsequently grew into the Link Model, which forecasts the economy using a variety of input data from smaller models around the world, and which contributed to Klein's Nobel Prize in 1980.

The New York Times

Macedonia are unbeaten against Luxembourg, Serbia, Bosnia and Poland in friendlies this year and the goalless draw they staged against England at Old Trafford, and which contributed to Steve McClaren's ultimate failure in qualifying for the European Championships, showed their resilience.

The Guardian - Sport

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

48 human-written examples

Thus it is worthwhile asking which features of democratic government help limit self-dealing and which contribute to corruption.

Yale University

It is also a victory for the vast majority of people who believe in the importance of a religious education curriculum that is inclusive, balanced, and pluralistic, and which contributes to mutual understanding between people of all religions and none".

The Guardian

The NDIR Working Paper Series will feature papers that focus on emerging topics within the field of innovation studies and which contribute to developing concepts, methods, insights, and findings with relevance both for practitioners and researchers.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

I think the biggest things that are scary for young people, and which contribute to suicide becoming such an issue, is the obsession with instant gratification.

Huffington Post

Electron microscopy (EM) studies suggested that tubulin dimers interact longitudinally to form short oligomers which form a tube by lateral interaction and which contribute to MT elongation.

Plosone

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "and which contributed to", ensure the "which" clause clearly refers to a specific antecedent to maintain clarity.

Common error

Avoid using "and which contributed to" when the clause is essential to the sentence's meaning (restrictive). In such cases, use "that" instead of "which" for greater clarity. For example, instead of "The factor and which contributed to the error…" use "The factor that contributed to the error…".

Linguistic Context

The phrase "and which contributed to" functions as a conjunction introducing a non-restrictive relative clause that adds additional information about a preceding element, indicating its causal influence. Ludwig examples demonstrate its usage across various contexts.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

30%

News & Media

25%

Academia

15%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

8%

Wiki

7%

Formal & Business

5%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "and which contributed to" is a conjunction phrase used to introduce non-restrictive clauses that explain how something influenced a particular outcome. As Ludwig AI confirms, the phrase is grammatically correct and usable in written English. The analysis shows it is commonly found in academic, news, and scientific contexts. When using this phrase, it's crucial to ensure the "which" clause clearly refers to a specific antecedent and that the clause is indeed non-restrictive, as misusing "which" can lead to grammatical errors. Related phrases such as "and that played a role in" or "and that helped to bring about" can be used as alternatives depending on the desired emphasis.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

and that played a role in

Replaces "contributed to" with "played a role in", emphasizing the involvement of something in an outcome.

and which assisted in

Uses "assisted in" instead of "contributed to", focusing on the aid provided.

and which aided in

Replaces "contributed to" with "aided in", emphasizing the support given.

and that helped to bring about

Changes the structure to use "that helped" instead of "which contributed", focusing on the assistance provided.

and which facilitated

Substitutes "contributed to" with "facilitated", highlighting the ease or enablement provided.

and that was instrumental in

Substitutes "contributed to" with "was instrumental in", highlighting the importance of something in achieving a result.

and which was conducive to

Replaces "contributed to" with "was conducive to", emphasizing the favorable conditions created.

and this resulted in

Shifts the focus to the outcome, using "resulted in" instead of emphasizing the contribution.

and this led to

Similar to "resulted in" but with a slightly different emphasis on direct causation.

and thereby fostered

Emphasizes the fostering or nurturing aspect of the contribution.

FAQs

How can I use "and which contributed to" in a sentence?

Use "and which contributed to" to connect a non-restrictive clause that adds extra information about something and indicates it played a role in a particular outcome. Example: "The policy change was significant, and which contributed to increased efficiency".

What are some alternatives to "and which contributed to"?

You can use alternatives like "and that played a role in", "and that helped to bring about", or "and this led to" depending on the context.

Is there a difference between using "that contributed to" and "which contributed to"?

Yes, "that contributed to" introduces a restrictive clause essential to the sentence's meaning, while "which contributed to" introduces a non-restrictive clause that adds extra, non-essential information. Using "and which contributed to" requires the clause to already be introduced by "and".

When should I avoid using "and which contributed to"?

Avoid using "and which contributed to" if the clause is essential to the sentence's meaning. In such cases, it's more appropriate to use "that contributed to" or rephrase the sentence for clarity.