Counter-rotating vortices are observed along the oscillating liquid-vapor interface (droplet free surface) while an upward drift originating from the substrate exists in the interior.
Moreover, the active site of the protein-modifying enzyme needs to access the target residue on the substrate; this situation could be made more likely if the substrate existed in a less compact state or if modification occurred prior to protein folding [ 15, 16].
It is found that the Al on the Si substrate exists in the form of droplets (white dots) other than film.
A small peak coming from the Si substrate exists near to 304 cm-1; however, for the annealed samples, this peak is associated to Ge NCs.
In contrast, K i and K' i values greater than 1 indicate that an insufficient amount of substrate exists to reach Km and the enzymatic reaction operates in the linear regime [ 13].
While these findings lend support to the notion of a functional topographical arrangement of CVMs in this species, localized microinjections of anterograde tracers into different regions of the nucleus ambiguus would be required to confirm that an anatomical substrate exists for the functional organization within this nucleus.
Rubrobacter xylanophilus is the most distant representative of the Actinobacteria, being the sole member of the subclass taxon Rubrobacteridae, and its protein (denoted Rxyl) appears as an orphan in Fig. 2. A similar relationship of phylogenetic separation associated with narrowed specificity for pyridine-nucleotide substrate exists for the low-GC gram-positive bacteria (eight o'clock in Fig. 2).
For 4 and 2, however, the aqueous phase concentrations will not equal the total concentrations of 4 and 2, since a large fraction of these substrates exists in the organic phase.
It is highly unlikely that the trans conformation of these substrates exists, which otherwise would push the aromatic end groups penetrating into the heme porphyrin ring.
However, a secondary grain population, whose basal planes are not parallel to the substrate, also exists (see Supporting Information Figure S9).
