This was not a treaty, and did not require the approval of the Senate.
As this study involves only anonymous data of patients and is not experimental, the approval of the Ethics Committee is not required, ethics approval for this type of retrospective study is not required under Italian law.
In Caracas, Foreign Minister Luis Alfonso Dávila defended Mr. Chávez's foreign policy, saying it was "sovereign, independent and autonomous" and did not require the approval of other governments.
The present study was in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration, was an epidemiological study, not an interventional study and did not require the approval of an ethical committee.
Under the Regents' proposal, which the board is expected to approve on Tuesday and does not need the approval of the State Legislature, Teach for America and similar groups could create their own master's programs, and the Regents would award the master's degree, two powers that are now the sole domain of academia.
For example, in the United States, congressional-executive and sole-executive agreements can be entered into by the President and do not require the approval of two-thirds of the Senate, as do treaties.
It says the changes are required to achieve the right balance between 'customer service, public protection and organisational requirements', adding: 'These changes are being published now in light of the need to speed up turnaround times.' Pugh says the briefing note was a mistake and did not have the approval of ministers.
Arlington County, which has been stymied in its long-running effort to change the name of Jefferson Davis Highway, can ask the Commonwealth Transportation Board to do so and does not need the approval of the state legislature, Virginia Attorney General Mark R. Herring (D) said in an advisory opinion Friday.
The Ministry of Tourism has already taken the Ministry of Oil to court over the extension of the pipeline, which it says is unlawful because it endangers an archaeological site, and did not have the approval of the State Antiquities Board.
