Efforts have also been made to develop in vitro systems; e.g., it has been suggested that acute systemic toxicity can be broken down into a number of biokinetic, cellular, and molecular elements, each of which can be identified and quantified in appropriate models.
On the basis of these data, we propose that Cry2 exerts a role in the control of emotional states by participating in amygdala functioning, acting on molecular elements of both the endogenous clock machinery and the network of neurotrophic support.
Using the overwhelming '-omics' data, systems biology manages to quantify all the molecular elements of biological systems, healthy or diseased, to assess their interactions and integrate them into various graphical network models, and then to explore these networks to reveal the underlying biological mechanisms [11]– [11].
Accordingly, some aspects of NPC function have been recapitulated in artificial nanochannel mimics, even though they lack certain molecular elements of the endogenous NPC. Herein, we review biophysical aspects of NPC architecture and function and cover recent progress in the field.
Assuming the defect in sour taste of these two patients to be peripheral, i.e., at the level of the taste bud, we saw their psychophysical documentation as a firm anchor from which to search for suspected molecular elements of sour taste.
We present a novel computational methodology to study the functional interconnections among the molecular elements of a biological system.
The molecular elements of this operon are widely used as parts of biological switches, taking advantage of the fast and robust switching.
Molecular elements of the Ang-II signaling cascade are upregulated in aged arterial walls and play a causal role in arterial aging and in vessel disease [ 27].
The nearly contemporary but independent origin of basic molecular elements of the olfactory system suggests that the involved gene families may have coevolved (OBP with OR; olfactory GPCR with lipocalins).
Because of the performance of the molecular elements of the tetracycline operon, these elements are widely used as parts of synthetic gene networks where the protein production can be efficiently turned on and off in response to the presence or the absence of tetracycline.
