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Discover LudwigThe phrase "and lower components of" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing hierarchical structures, systems, or classifications, particularly in technical or academic contexts.
Example: "The study focuses on the upper management and lower components of the organizational structure."
Alternatives: "and subordinate elements of" or "and lesser parts of".
Exact(4)
where F nκ (r),G nκ (r) represent the upper and lower components of the Dirac spinors.
We automatically identified three clusters of USV calls: cluster 1 calls corresponded to 22-kHz calls; cluster 2 calls corresponded to the flat and lower components of the step; and cluster 3 calls corresponded to the trill, upward ramp, and higher components of the step.
Because our classification of USVs is different from conventional studies' with the aim of examining transition probabilities, cluster 2 calls corresponded to the flat and lower components of the step and cluster 3 calls corresponded to the trill, upward ramp, and higher components of the step.
The downscaling of the typhoon by NWP could not control the track; therefore, data assimilation using spectral nudging (SN) was configured to use wavenumber 3, and lower components of analysis data were applied for several runs of the WRF simulations.
Similar(56)
One feature of these environmental interactions is that they suppress interference between states from some preferred set, be it a discrete set of states (e.g. left- and right-handed states in models of chiral molecules, or the upper and lower component of the wave function in our simple example of the two-slit experiment), or some continuous set (e.g. the coherent states of a harmonic oscillator).
The free end of the bar was clamped into a lower component of the Tinius Olson machine.
In this part, we consider Δ(r) as the Pöschl Teller-like Pöschl Teller-likeation obtained for the lower compotential the Dirac spinor, G nκ (r), bequationeft[ {frac{{{text{d}}^{2} }}{{{text{d}}r^{2} }} - } right.left.
The lower component of the wave function can be calculated from Equation (25) as G nκ r = 1 M + E nκ - Δ r d dr + κ r - U r F nκ r.
Bijaoui reported that the onset of obstructed breathing was accompanied by an increased lower component of lung elasticity; simultaneously lung resistance increased when obstructed breathing existed in various sleep stages of OSA patients [ 38].
The model chorus element covering in the frequency range from 0.2 to 0.7 Ωe 0 appears in the spectra at t = 5, 000 Ω e 0 − 1 (Figure 5a), but both higher and lower frequency components of the element weakened during their propagation (Figures 5b,c,d), because of the outward and inward deviations of the higher and lower frequency components of the element.
The higher- and lower-frequency components of the same mode are on top of each other in the time domain and what, at first inspection, appears to be the superposition of two different modes is actually the superposition of arrivals from the same mode.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com