Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
and hence ends
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "and hence ends" is not commonly used in written English and may sound awkward.
It can be used to indicate the conclusion of a discussion or narrative, but it is better to use it in more formal or literary contexts. Example: "The story was filled with twists and turns, and hence ends the tale of the brave knight."
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(1)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
If the scale ratio dominates (α > > β or R L c > > R S ), then a rupture that has just proceeded to sweep Patch S has too small of an energy release rate to grow further dynamically and hence ends up with a small earthquake (Figure 2b).
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
Some readers visit them every day and hence end up following a standard narrative chronology, but others arrive mid-story.
News & Media
Finally, we follow the reduced (slow) flow on (S_{a}^) towards the lower fold (F^) and hence end up at the saddle-node equilibrium.
Most of the events in the GSR are indeed larger protests, by reason of the fact that in order to be reported in the media and hence end up in the GSR, they must be noticeable in some way (e.g. >0.05% of the population).
Science
The target individual however, sustained a lower level of arousal than the attacker before and during the attack and hence, ended after the attack with less internal tension than the attacker.
Science
Indeed, if one of the groups had had a higher propensity to mate, it would presumably have 'lost' the most numerous (mated) females to the 'undetermined pheromone type' category, and hence ended up with the most strongly underestimated mating success, thereby possibly preventing us from detecting an existing difference.
Science
Most people assume that advertising boosts sales, and hence an end to advertising reduces them.
News & Media
The process of ON release from endosomes is a very inefficient process and, hence, ONs end up being degraded in the endosomes.
According to Riaz et al. (2015b) single RAT can build incomplete field potential and hence, rear end collision algorithms cannot performed at their best.
One limitation of electrospinning stems from the charge build-up that occurs during processing, preventing further fibre deposition and limiting the scaffold overall thickness and hence their end-use in tissue engineering applications targeting large tissue defect repair.
Science
Subsequently, the fault propagation pathways from the downstream backwards to upstream process are isolated through the variable contribution indices and hence the ending nodes of the identified pathways are determined as the root-cause variables of the abnormal events.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Consider stronger, more direct alternatives like "therefore it ends" or "thus it concludes" for greater clarity and impact.
Common error
Avoid using "and hence ends" in informal contexts. It can sound stilted and unnatural. Opt for simpler alternatives like "so it ends" in casual writing.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "and hence ends" functions as a conjunctive phrase to indicate the conclusion of a preceding action or statement. It establishes a cause-and-effect relationship, signaling that the ending is a direct consequence of what came before. Ludwig AI suggests that while grammatically sound, this phrasing is not the most common.
Frequent in
Science
75%
News & Media
25%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "and hence ends" is a grammatically acceptable phrase used to indicate that something is concluding as a direct result of prior events. However, Ludwig AI indicates it's not a particularly common or modern phrasing, and writers should consider stronger, more direct alternatives for greater clarity and impact. It's mostly found in scientific and news contexts. Be mindful of its slightly formal tone, and consider whether a simpler expression might be more suitable, like "therefore concludes" or "and thus concludes".
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
and therefore concludes
Emphasizes a logical consequence leading to a final conclusion.
and thus concludes
Indicates a logical progression culminating in an ending.
consequently finishes
Highlights the result or effect bringing something to a close.
and as a result, finishes
More explicitly states the cause-and-effect relationship leading to the ending.
and for that reason, concludes
Similar to "as a result", but emphasizes the reasoning behind the conclusion.
hence, comes to an end
Rephrases the ending using "comes to an end" instead of "ends".
accordingly, it ends
Highlights that the ending is consistent with what happened before.
in consequence, concludes
Emphasizes the ending as a consequence.
and so, it concludes
A more conversational way to express the conclusion.
and finally, concludes
Highlights the finality of the ending.
FAQs
What does "and hence ends" mean?
The phrase "and hence ends" means that something is concluding as a direct result of what preceded it. It indicates a cause-and-effect relationship leading to a termination or finish.
How can I use "and hence ends" in a sentence?
You can use "and hence ends" to signal the conclusion of a process or narrative, especially when the ending is a logical consequence of earlier events. However, consider that alternatives like "therefore concludes" might be more common.
What can I say instead of "and hence ends"?
You can use alternatives like "and therefore concludes", "and thus concludes", or "consequently finishes" depending on the desired tone and context.
Is "and hence ends" grammatically correct?
Yes, "and hence ends" is grammatically acceptable, but it is not the most common or modern phrasing. Using stronger, clearer alternatives can often improve your writing.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested