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To date, single locus association studies have typically reported mixed findings of significant associations and failures to replicate.
While there have been a number of important 'hits', for example, macular degeneration, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity (10 12), there are many 'misses' and failures to replicate findings even from large-scale studies.
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Initially, we transferred murine fetal fibroblasts into enucleated porcine oocytes, which resulted in extremely low blastocyst rates (0.48%); and failure to replicate nuclear DNA and express Oct-4, the key marker of reprogramming.
PPIR increases the informational value of unsuccessful replications, since common alternative explanations for failures to replicate such as a lack of replicator expertise and theoretically anticipated population differences are addressed.
"Failures to replicate and reproduce findings should be considered a normal part of science".
That means 1 out of 20 findings is deceptively spurious, luring scientists down twisted paths lined with failures to replicate, wasted money, and lost time.
Maes, E. et al. The elusive nature of the blocking effect: 15 failures to replicate.
At the least, it may account for some failures to replicate results in animal experiments, a perennial problem in the field.
A small number of candidate genes (e.g., GABRA2, MAOA, SLC6A4, AVPR1A) are associated with CD related phenotypes across independent studies; however, failures to replicate also exist.
Further, there are many more examples of unreliable findings evidenced by "failures to replicate".
The three failures to replicate seem to be due to the experiments themselves: The effects may just not be real.
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