For both professions the State establishes standards of education and examination, with a statutory register of those who reach them.
Voided urine was collected for determination of specific gravity and examination with a test strip (Combur Test®, Roche Pharma), and samples of ruminal fluid, collected using a stomach tube, were assessed for colour, smell, consistency and pH.
Most training in primary eye care emphasizes the importance of some or all of these and they are presumed to be relatively easy to evaluate by history taking and examination with a torch.
Diagnosis of DSPN is primarily clinical and involves a thorough history and physical examination with a focus on cardiovascular and neurologic tests, and a detailed assessment of the feet [ 40].
Follow-up included blood testing (cell count with differential, CRP, ESR, liver and renal function) every 2 weeks and clinical examination with a plain radiograph of the hip and femur 45 days after surgery.
Peripheral neuropathy was ascertained by clinical examination (knee and ankle reflex activities and feet sensation determined by Semmes-Weinstein monofilament and vibration examination with a 128-Hz tuning fork).
At 0, 12 and 24 weeks, body compositions, abdominal adiposity, metabolic and biochemical examination with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in MS or a 592 kcal meal tolerance test (MTT) in T2DM were performed.
Pretreatment evaluation included a complete history and physical examination with a digital rectal examination, colonoscopy with biopsy, abdomen and pelvic scan, chest X-ray, and magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the pelvis.
Differentiation between these conditions may be difficult, and diagnosis usually requires a thorough history, including dietary intake and family history, and physical examination, with an emphasis on the nature and distribution of the hyper-reflective crystals.
Specific communication techniques are provided that may be helpful during history taking and physical examination with a patient who is LGBT.
Compared to the one-day screening clinics, a more thorough standard eye examination is performed, including measurement of visual acuity using a Snellen chart, slit lamp examination, applanation tonometry, and fundus examination with a 90 diopter lens.
