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Our results suggest that the rarity of defectors and cooperators in the environment influence how well they are remembered.
As the independent variable, we varied the proportion of defectors and cooperators in the interaction group in a between-subjects design (defectors rare, equal proportion, cooperators rare).
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But the request highlights the risks and complications — for prosecutors and cooperators — in long-running investigations in which both sides depend so greatly on each other.
In presence of selection, changes in reproduction and death probabilities favor defectors in within-group selection and cooperators in between-group selection.
Moreover, participants benefited from their experience with and improved knowledge of the partner types, indicated by a comparable proportion of cooperation with cooperators in the beginning of the second session as in the end of the first session (Figure 3).
Consequently, the proportion of cooperation with cooperators in the beginning of the second session (M = 72.9%±3.2 CI) was at the level of the tenth repetition in the first session (M = 71.0%±4.3 CI; Figure 3).
Three indicators of the outcomes of the system are analyzed: the number of settlements, the resource level, and the proportion of cooperators in the population.
In their study, Raymond et al. 39 showed that Cry cooperators and cheats both persisted in the population over 56 days of natural transmission and evolution, albeit with cooperators in the minority (Fig. 1).
And yet, the number of cooperators in the S.D.N.Y. last year 223 is exactly the same as the number of cooperators sentenced in the S.D.N.Y. fifteen years earlier in 2002: 223.
After the decision, the instructor recorded the cooperation of each player, let the participants know whether the group could earn a bonus or not, and identified the number of cooperators in the preceding round.
Just as in the case of costly cooperation, QS alleles are selected in a large part of the parameter space and boost the frequency of cooperators in the population (compare with Fig. 1, right column).
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