The phrase "and chronic changes in" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts discussing long-term alterations or developments in a particular subject, often in scientific or medical writing.
Example: "The study focused on the effects of stress on mental health, particularly the acute and chronic changes in brain function."
Alternatives: "and long-term alterations in" or "and persistent changes in".
However, how acute and chronic changes in O2 modify behavior is poorly understood.
This can be explained by the ischemic preconditioning in smokers secondary to episodic hypoxia and chronic changes in vasomotor tone and presence of small vessel cerebral collaterals leading to better cerebral perfusion.
Objective: To investigate the acute and chronic changes in fetal heart rate and fetal activity in association with maternal smoking by means of a computerized fetal behavior assessment program.
Exercise results in acute and chronic changes in central and autonomic nervous system activity, the contracting muscles, and the heart, with several mechanisms being involved, including the exercise pressor reflex, arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors, and the central command (for an overview see Fisher et al. [56]).
Acute and chronic changes in circulating estradiol also caused changes in Gpx3 gene expression.
The main findings from this study were that ERα, Gper, and ERβ are all expressed in skeletal muscle, but that only ERα is responsive to both acute and chronic changes in circulating estradiol.
Covariates that are known to potentially influence the covariates of interest (e.g., heart failure treated with diuretics, renal failure, albumin level, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic changes in pCO2 can affect chloride level and SIDa) were forced into the models regardless of their statistical impact.
MRI adds information about potential involvement of the spinal cord and nervous roots in addition to signs of disease activity and chronic changes such as fibrous pannus in RA and fatty marrow deposition, erosion and vertebral fusion in SpA.
Our study provides important details regarding alterations in brain function and chemistry following chronic changes in dietary intake and suggests that SIRT1, IGF-1, or p-CREB and LC diet may be promising therapeutic targets for the prevention of learning and memory impairments in the young and elderly.
This pathology extends beyond the margins of shear-related injuries and leads to chronic changes in the microvasculature that are evident many months after the initial injury.
However, measuring sCD18 could assist in discriminating between inflammatory activity and broader problems due to chronic changes in SpA.
