and are therefore

USAGE SUMMARY

"and are therefore" is correct and usable in written English.
This phrase is commonly used to draw a conclusion from the previous sentence or additional evidence. For example: "The results of this study support the theory, and are therefore indicative of a strong link between poverty and poor health."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Academia

Encyclopedias

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

Bloated bureaucracies move slowly, and are therefore slow to die.

The New Yorker

Most people have the factor and are therefore Rh positive.

The New York Times

Others get bogged down, and are therefore massive.

The Guardian

We know that mosquitoes spread diseases and are therefore unwanted.

The New York Times - Arts

Moreover, these pictures are extraordinary and are therefore pure art.

The Guardian

The laws are not enforced and are therefore, ignored.

Stanford University

Morality, truth and honesty have no market price, and are therefore considered to be almost irrelevant.

The Guardian

But, Justice argues, the lenders control the loans and are therefore legally responsible.

The New York Times

On the other hand, internal deadlines sometimes don't feel real, and are therefore easy to evade.

The New Yorker

Antibiotics are used to treat infections, and are therefore prescribed only for days or weeks.

The New Yorker

A popular myth is that comprehensive schools are free and are therefore not divisive.

The Guardian - Opinion

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "and are therefore" to clearly establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two clauses, ensuring a smooth and logical flow in your writing. For example, 'The data was collected meticulously, and are therefore reliable.'

Common error

Avoid using "and are therefore" in situations where the causal relationship is already implied by the sentence structure or other words. Redundancy weakens the impact. Instead of 'The prices increased, and are therefore, prices went up', simply write 'The prices increased, therefore prices went up'.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "and are therefore" functions as a conjunctive adverbial. It connects two independent clauses, indicating that the second clause is a logical consequence or result of the first. Ludwig provides many examples, which confirm the linking function of the expression.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

60%

Academia

20%

Encyclopedias

10%

Less common in

Formal & Business

5%

Science

3%

Reference

2%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "and are therefore" is a conjunctive adverbial used to link two independent clauses, showing a clear cause-and-effect relationship. As Ludwig AI indicates, it's grammatically correct and widely used. The expression is most common in news and media but also frequently appears in academic and formal contexts, making it versatile for many writing scenarios. While effective for demonstrating logical connections, be mindful of avoiding redundancy by using "and are therefore" only when the causal link isn't already clear. Alternatives include "and thus" or "consequently".

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

and thus

Replaces "therefore" with a more concise synonym, maintaining the direct causal link.

and consequently

Substitutes "therefore" with a word that emphasizes the result or outcome of the preceding statement.

and as a result

Replaces "therefore" with a phrase that explicitly indicates a cause-and-effect relationship.

and for that reason

Offers a slightly more elaborate alternative to "therefore", clarifying the logical connection.

and accordingly

Replaces "therefore" with a term suggesting that the subsequent action or statement is appropriate given the circumstances.

and it follows that

Provides a formal way to express that something is a logical deduction from what precedes it.

and hence

Offers a more concise, slightly formal synonym for "therefore".

and that implies

Shifts the focus slightly to the implication or consequence of the preceding statement.

and by implication

Suggests that the conclusion is not stated directly but is understood from the preceding information.

and so

Uses a simple conjunction to show the consequence of a previous statement.

FAQs

How can I use "and are therefore" in a sentence?

Use "and are therefore" to connect two independent clauses, where the second clause is a logical consequence of the first. For instance, "The experiment was carefully controlled, and are therefore, the results are considered valid."

What phrases are similar to "and are therefore"?

Alternatives to "and are therefore" include "and thus", "and consequently", or "and as a result", depending on the level of formality you want to convey.

Is it always necessary to use "and are therefore" when showing cause and effect?

No, it's not always necessary. Sometimes, simpler conjunctions like "so" or "therefore" alone can effectively convey the cause-and-effect relationship. "And are therefore" is useful when you want to emphasize the connection between two independent clauses.

What's the difference between "and are therefore" and "therefore"?

"Therefore" can stand alone to introduce a conclusion. "And are therefore" is used to connect two independent clauses, making it suitable when you're building upon a previous statement within the same sentence.