It is a high throughput technology for analyzing wheat gluten proteins [ 22- 25], but being relatively new and expensive, few wheat breeding programs can afford to acquire such equipment.
After searching and analyzing the wheat genome sequences completed recently through WHEAT URGI, we found that each wheat genome only has one BiP gene, indicating that common wheat may have three BiP gene copies.
These unique sequences with 20 to 23 nt were analyzed against wheat EST database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucest/ term=wheat) or wheat genome shotgun-sequence assemblies (http://mips.helmholtz-muenchen.de/plant/wheat/uk454survey/index.jsp).jsp
The relationships among yield, topography, soil, and weather were analyzed using wheat (Triticum aestivum L). grain yield from Alvena in 2001 (dry year) and 2004 (wet year) and from Hepburn in 1998 (dry year).
We analyzed 23 wheat unigenes with homology to genes within the intervals defined in Brachypodium, rice and sorghum, but only one had a SNP between LDN and RSL65 (BFR 1.9) and was confirmed to be monomorphic.
Comparative gene expression studies by microarray analysis revealed that 19% of the genes analyzed in wheat showed more than a 5 fold difference in expression between homeologous gene copies [ 24].
Roots and leaves from seedlings were analyzed in wheat, barley and rice to describe the variation in gene expression induced in response to a dehydration shock imposed for few hours [ 16, 61, 62].
We used the M×E model to analyze three CIMMYT wheat data sets (W1, W2, and W3), where more than 1000 lines were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing and evaluated at CIMMYT's research station in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico, under simulated environmental conditions that covered different irrigation levels, sowing dates and planting systems.
One of the first sets of SNPs developed for polyploid wheat [ 19] was used in this study to design a 1536-plex wheat oligo pool assay (wheat OPA) to analyze the patterns of SNP variation and LD in diverse populations of cultivated spring and winter wheat lines from the US and CIMMYT ("Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo") breeding programs.
Subsequently, the alpha-amylase inhibitor genes from wild emmer wheat were analyzed by the median-joining network method [ 42], which was suitable to analyze the sequence from wheat and Aegilops species [ 43], and the phylogenetic clusters were demonstrated by using the program Network 4.5.1.0 http://www.fluxus-engineering.com/sharenet.htm.htm
