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To compare between the analytical enhancements [42] provided by the SERS structures formed, we used the rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye as a test analyte.
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This substrate had the highest analytical enhancement factor (6.73 × 106).
However, these substrates demonstrated a moderate analytical enhancement [42] averaged over the probe laser beam spot.
The analytical enhancement factor was accordingly increased from 1.8 × 105 for Ag/TiO2 NPA up to 7.8 × 105 for Ag/TiO2 NRA.
Taking into account the analytical SERS enhancement coefficient of GNR-Si substrates [33] (2.5 × 103), we estimate the analytical enhancement coefficient of GNR-OPC substrates to be on the order of 104.
The analytical enhancement factors of these substrates are on the order of (1 3) × 104, and uniform SERS signals are obtained over large areas.
Analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of Au substrates between 105 and 106 and limits of detection (LOD) of TMPyP ∼5 × 10−8 M were determined.
The analytical enhancement factor (AEF) values at 10−6 M R6G were respectively 6.2 × 103 and 1.3 × 104 for the flat TiN film and wrinkly TiN film.
Evidently, the integral analytical enhancement [42] of the GNR-OPC substrate is from two to five times as high as that of the simple fractal-like GNR assembly on silicon.
The analytical enhancement factor was calculated from the ratio of band intensity (1078 cm-1) of pure BFD solution (c = 1 × 10-2 mol/l) in CHCl3 and BFD (c = 1 × 10-8 mol/l) immobilized on PTFE-Au without and with nanoparticles (Table 1).
Thus, a general overestimation of the concentrations due to an analytical enhancement effect cannot be completely ruled out.
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