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The morphology of the deposits and elemental composition analysis were determined by using SEM/EDX.
The sensitivity and specificity of a standard statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis were determined by comparing the known activation with the detected activation.
The initial hypocenter locations for the tomographic analysis were determined by applying a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm (Hirata and Matsu'ura 1987) to the observed arrival times.
Surface area measurements and porosity analysis were determined by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms at − 196 °C using the Micromeritics Tristar 3000 analyzer.
The atomic positions of the columns used for the precision analysis were determined by Gaussian fitting, as described in the previous section, and are shown by the red markers in Figure 2a,b for the top and bottom grains, respectively.
Anatomical locations of the significant GM and WM clusters of MTr analysis were determined by reference to the Harvard-Oxford atlas and to a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI -based atlas of human WM anatomy, both integrateDTI -basedView, atlaspart of FSL.
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Statistical significance for amine determinations, HDC activity and β-hexosaminidase activity analysis was determined by the Student's paired samples t-test (two-tailed) using the GraphPad software.
The cyclic stress history for fatigue analysis is determined by applying finite element method.
The surface characterization was performed using SEM and the surface elemental analysis was determined by EDS.
The elementary analysis was determined by elemental analyzer (Elementar, Germany).
The image analysis was determined by using the software package PaintShopPro (Jasc, Eden Prairie, MN, USA).
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