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In the context of exon array analyses, we define the overall gene expression index as the total abundance of all molecules transcribed from a single gene, including various alternative splice forms, alternative 5' transcripts, alternative poly A transcripts, etc.
For our analyses, we define the core and proximal promoter as having the coordinates (−60 to +40 bp) and (−250 to +250 bp) respectively, relative to the TSS.
Using a dated species tree and phylogenetic comparative (PC) analyses, we define the timeline of TAP loss, gain, and expansion among Viridiplantae and find that two major bursts of gain/expansion occurred, coinciding with the water-to-land transition and the radiation of flowering plants.
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For AMOVA analyses, we defined the basic units for each model relative to the phenotypic or biogeographic model being tested.
In the subgroup analyses, we defined the age categories as ≤64, 65 79, and ≥80.
For our primary analyses we defined the outcome as predominant type 1/no type 3 lobules.
For all the above-mentioned analyses we defined the results as statistically significant if the p-values were below 0.05.
For these analyses, we defined the population at risk as the total population registered with the general practices in the period 2007 2011.
In the first set of analyses, we defined the outcomes of interest as functional status, pain, and pain catastrophizing, expressed as continuous variables.
For further analyses, we defined the 150 (1.7%) participants who reported the symptoms (either heartburn or acid regurgitation) at least once a week as GERD cases.
With this caveat in mind, for each cell with significant coding of category, location or object as determined in the above analyses, we defined the latency of discrimination as the start of the first significant period of coding.
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