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In addition to the analyses based on genetic distance, we have also compiled the observed sequence character variations (Fig. 2).
Given that there are also errors in the protein interaction data that must be considered when vetting the output of analyses based on genetic and protein interactions, the production of a larger list of interactions in one cluster is likely to save researchers time and error at the end of analysis.
These results transform VvAGL11 into a functional candidate gene for further analyses based on genetic transformation.
Recent comparative genome analyses based on genetic maps have already provided new insights into genome organization, evolution, and function across different organisms [ 12, 33, 35, 37].
Hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses based on genetic distance matrices identified distinct populations clustering mainly according to their origin/pedigrees.
Several small superfamilies, families and taxa, the position of which has greatly varied in analyses based on genetic data — Millieriidae, Tinagma, Tanaoctena, Epermenioidea, Immoidea, Carposinoidea, Pterophoroidea, and Choreutoidea — do not find a stable position in the combined analysis either.
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Analyses based on specific genetic models can produce misleading estimates of the odds ratios when an inappropriate model is assumed.
Unlike common variants, rare variant analyses, based on single genetic associations, often shows large false-negative results, unless the sample or effect sizes are very large.
The macroheteroceran superfamilies are recovered monophyletic in analyses based on or including genetic data (Figs. 2, 3, 4, Additional files 7, 8, 12 and 13; when fast evolving partitions are removed (Additional file 9) Lasiocampoidea are nested in Bombycoidea), and the monophyly of most is supported by morphology (see e.g. [ 81– 81]).
The results of genetic differentiation (AMOVA) revealed strong population genetic structure in the mtDNA data; however, similar analyses based on microsatellite showed weak population genetic structure.
Genetic analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite DNA data revealed no clear genetic differentiation among local populations within/between the gudgeon species.
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