The phrase "an unobserved variable" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used in statistical or research contexts to refer to a variable that is not directly measured or observed but may influence the outcomes of a study.
Example: "In our analysis, we must consider the impact of an unobserved variable that could affect the results."
Alternatives: "a latent variable" or "an unmeasured variable".
I assume that w it is an unobserved variable following a first order Markov chain on a discrete state-space.
Because the latter is ultimately an unobserved variable subject to some degree of uncertainty, we regard this part of the analysis as more suggestive than fully conclusive.
The model is derived by defining an unobserved variable, Z n, which is used as the basis for modeling the ordinal ranking of service levels (A F).
Three common methods for deriving the binary regression model include assuming that there is an unobserved variable that is linked to the observed outcome through a measurement equation, constructing the model as a probability model, and generating the model as a random utility model [42], p.132.
Note that γ is an unknown parameter, and is an unobserved variable in general.
A sensitivity analysis suggests this finding is unlikely to be eliminated by the influence of an unobserved variable.
The internal validation of SHARE-FI75+ using LCA suggested that all its items significantly aggregated into an underlying (unobserved) variable with three ordered categories (ie, non-frail, prefrail and frail), in keeping with the phenotype theory.
Moreover, it contributed to the improvement of empirical wage models by including what had been a rather unobserved variable that contributes to a better understanding of sources of wage heterogeneity.
Their approach builds on earlier work by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983) and Rosenbaum (1987), who consider the robustness of estimates of the ATET to assumptions with respect to a binary unobserved variable associated with both the treatment and outcome variables.
The model supposes there is a latent unobserved variable S * ih = β Inter ih + γX ih + ε ih, with ε ih as a normally distributed error term ~N 0, σ).
and that {y}_i^{ast }={1}_{1 mathrm{if} y=0} mathrm{and} {0}_{mathrm{if} mathrm{otherwise}} (3)where y is a latent unobserved variable whose outcome is observed at 1 and 0 and x i is the vector of the independent variable in the models.
