However, we have not analysed the expression of a large number of other BMP ligands and inhibitors as it is currently impossible to deduce the integrated effect on pathway activity even with a much more comprehensive analysis.
To measure the integrated effect on cell cycle and/or cell survival in the presence of SXR activators the proliferation assays were continued until 7 days which was the time when the cells in the solvent control wells just reached confluency.
In a case study in Xiamen, China, an integrated effects assessment framework centres on ecohydrology, using modeling of hydrodynamic conditions and statistical analysis of water quality, was developed to assess the effects of ecological restoration projects.
The mechanistic underpinning of the model could be greatly enhanced by the introduction of factors directly related to changes in frequency and activity of immune cells and molecules, their integrated effects on the tumor, as well as the effects of the tumor on immunity.
In all treatments, the highest water use efficiency (WUE, 7.24 kg h m−2 mm−1) and grain yield (3286 kg h m−2) consistently occurred in the treatment with 90 mm irrigation plus fertilizer NH4HCO3 and elevated CO2 concentration (54.5 μmol mol−1), suggesting that this combination has an integrated beneficial effect on improving WUE and grain yield of spring wheat.
Two-way ANOVA indicated that an integrated treatment effect on the accumulations of both total and selected flavonoids in leaves per plant was significant (p < 0.05; Fig. 3).
The integrated effect of leptin on vascular endothelial function, a key factor for the initiation and development of atherosclerotic vascular damage [ 7], remains to be elucidated, since contradictory findings have been reported from experimental and clinical studies.
Therefore, the integrated effect of climatic changes on ecological processes depends on the change in both temperature and timing of snowmelt and may vary between processes involving surface-dwelling and flying arthropods.
SAS is a generalization of transit time distributions that allows for time-variable fluxes through the system, and similarly provides a framework for capturing the integrated effect of internal structure and heterogeneity on transport.
